I-Workshop Yesakhiwo Sensimbi Umhlahlandlela Ophelele Wokwakhiwa Kwezimboni Zanamuhla
Izingxenye eziyinhloko ezithwala umthwalo we- imihlangano yokusebenzela yesakhiwo sensimbi zakhiwe ngezinto zensimbi, okuhlanganisa izinsika zensimbi, imishayo, izisekelo, izisekelo zophahla, kanye nezinhlelo zokufulela. Okuphawulekayo ukuthi izindonga zokhuni zingahlanganiswa njengezindawo zokuvala. Ngokwamukelwa okwandayo kwe izakhiwo zensimbi Ezindaweni ezintsha zezimboni, ama-workshop manje ahlukaniswe ngezakhiwo zensimbi ezilula kanye nezakhiwo zensimbi esindayo. Lezi zinhlelo ezisekelwe ensimbi ziqashelwa kabanzi njengendlela yokulinganisa ukwakhiwa kwezimboni nezakhiwo zanamuhla.
Ama-workshop esakhiwo sensimbi bathole ukuvelela kwezobunjiniyela bezakhiwo ngenxa yokwakhiwa kwazo okusheshayo, izakhiwo ezilula, ukumelana nokuzamazama komhlaba, kanye nokusimama kwemvelo, kancane kancane bethatha indawo yekhonkrithi eqinisiwe yendabuko ekwakhiweni kwezakhiwo zezimboni.
Izinzuzo Eziyinhloko Zezindawo Zokusebenzela Zesakhiwo Sensimbi
- Izicelo Ezihlukahlukene
Kufanelekela amafektri, izindawo zokugcina impahla, izakhiwo zamahhovisi, izinkundla zemidlalo, ama-hangar ezindiza, nokuningi. Kulungele kokubili izakhiwo ezinkulu ezinendawo eyodwa kanye nezakhiwo ezinezitezi eziningi/ezinde.
- Ukwakhiwa Okusheshayo
Izingxenye ezakhiwe kusengaphambili efektri zivumela ukuhlanganiswa kwe-modular endaweni, kunciphisa isikhathi sokwakha ngamaphesenti afinyelela ku-40 uma kuqhathaniswa nezindlela ezivamile.
- Ukuqina Nokulungiswa Okuphansi
Imiklamo eyenziwe ngcono yikhompyutha ibekezelela izimo zezulu ezimbi kakhulu. Izembozo ezivikelayo zidinga ukuhlolwa njalo kanye nokunakekelwa okuncane.
- Ukuguquguquka Kobuhle
Imigqa yokwakha ehlanzekile enobuhle besimanje. Imibala engenziwa ngokwezifiso yamaphaneli odonga kanye nokuhambisana nezinto zokumboza ezahlukahlukene (isb., amaphaneli ahlanganisiwe agqunywe ngokushisa, ukwakhiwa ngokhuni).
- Isilinganiso Esiphezulu Samandla Nesisindo
Amandla okuqineka angavamile ensimbi avumela imiklamo yesikhala esibanzi (kufika kumamitha angu-60 ubude) enesisindo esilula esingu-30% kunezilingana nokhonkolo.
- Ukuqina Okuphezulu Nokumelana Nomthelela
Ukuqina kwensimbi kuvimbela ukwehluleka kwesakhiwo okungazelelwe ngaphansi kwezimo zokulayisha ngokweqile. Ukuqina okuthuthukisiwe kuqinisekisa ukuzivumelanisa nomthwalo oguqukayo (isb., izindawo zokuzamazama komhlaba, ukudlidliza kwemishini esindayo).
- Isixazululo Esinobungani Nemvelo
Uhlelo olungasetshenziswa kabusha ngokuphelele olunemfucuza yokwakha ecishe ibe yi-zero. Akukho formwork edingekayo, kunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwekhonkrithi ngo-100% uma kuqhathaniswa nokwakhiwa kwendabuko.
Imiklamo yeshabhu yesakhiwo sensimbi kaJunnan inamathela ngokuqinile ku:
- Amakhodi Kazwelonke/Esifunda: Imithetho Yokwakha ye-GCC (Ikhodi Yokuphepha Komlilo Nokuphila ye-UAE), Izindinganiso ze-US IBC 2021 kanye ne-AISC 360, i-UK BS EN 1993
- Izibalo Zomthwalo: Ukuhlaziywa okuphelele okuhlanganisa imithwalo efile (isisindo sakho), imithwalo yemvelo (isivinini somoya esingu-60m/s ezindaweni ezisogwini, imithwalo yeqhwa engu-2.5kN/m²), kanye namandla okuzamazama komhlaba (imephu yokusheshisa yeZone 4)
- Ukuqinisekiswa Kokuzinza: Isici sokuphepha esingu-1.5x ekuxhumekeni okubalulekile, izinhlelo zokumelana namandla aseceleni (LFRS) ezihambisana ne-ASCE 7-22
Ngezixazululo eziklanywe ngokunemba, iJunnan ithuthukisa ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezibonakalayo nge:
✔ Ukunemba kokuthatha inani okusekelwe ku-BIM: Ukulawula ukuhlukahluka kwe-±2%
✔ Izinga lokwamukelwa kwensimbi enamandla aphezulu (iBanga 50/355MPa+): 85%+
✔ Ukunciphisa imfucuza: Ukonga izinto kuze kufike ku-15% uma kuqhathaniswa nezindlela zokuklama ezivamile