Ungasakha Kanjani Isakhiwo Sendawo Yokusebenzela Yesakhiwo Sensimbi?

Lapho kuxoxwa ngokuthi kanjani izakhiwo ze-workshop zensimbi zakhiwe, kubalulekile ukuqonda izici zalokhu kuqala. sizakhiwo zesakhiwo se-teel zona ngokwazo. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezakhiwo zekhonkrithi eziqinisiwe zendabuko, izakhiwo zensimbi zisetshenziswa kabanzi ezitshalweni zezimboni ngenxa yezinzuzo zazo eziyinhloko: amandla aphezulu ezinto ezibonakalayo, isisindo esincane, isivinini sokwakha esisheshayo, kanye nokuphinde kusetshenziswe kabusha—ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zemboni yesimanje zokusebenza kahle kanye nokusimama.

INingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, njengesifunda esinezomnotho ezisebenzayo kanye nezimboni ezishintsha ngokushesha, ibeka izidingo eziphakeme ngesikhathi sokwakha, ukuguquguquka, kanye nokusebenza kahle kwezindleko ekuthuthukisweni kwefektri. Lokhu kwenza indlu yesakhiwo sensimbi ukukhetha okuvamile nokuthandwayo kwezakhiwo zezimboni esifundeni.

Ngakho-ke kwenzeka kanjani isakhiwo se-workshop sensimbi empeleni 'yenziwe' kusukela phansi kuya phezulu? Yonke inqubo ingahlukaniswa ngokuhlelekile ngezigaba eziningana ezibalulekile.

1. Ukuhlela Kwangaphambi Kokuqala Nokuklama

Lesi sigaba siyisisekelo salo lonke iphrojekthi. Njengezinye izindlela zokwakha, indawo yokusebenzela yensimbi akwakhiwa ngokushesha ngemva kokwakhiwa kombono—ukuhlela ngokucophelela kuza kuqala. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuchaza umsebenzi wesakhiwo, ukwakheka kwenqubo yokukhiqiza, ubude obudingekayo kanye nokuphakama, umthamo we-crane, kanye nezidingo zokukhanyisa kanye nokungenisa umoya. Isigaba sokuklama kumele sicabangele ngokuphelele ukuphepha kwesakhiwo, izidingo zokusebenza, ukulawulwa kwezindleko, kanye nezimo zemvelo zendawo njengomthwalo womoya kanye nemvula.

Kulesi sigaba, ithimba lobunjiniyela lochwepheshe likaJunnan lisebenzisa isofthiwe yokuklama nokubala ethuthukisiwe ukudala amamodeli anemininingwane nokwenza ukuhlaziywa kwesakhiwo, ukuqinisekisa kokubili ukuphepha nokusebenza kahle kwezomnotho. Ukwakheka kwesakhiwo sensimbi empeleni kuyindlela 'yokukhiqiza ngokunemba': izingxenye eziningi zenziwa efektri ngokuqinile ngokwemidwebo bese zihlanganiswa endaweni. Lokhu kubeka izidingo eziphezulu kakhulu ekunembileni nasekuqineni komsebenzi wokuklama.

2. Ukuthengwa Kwezinto Ezibalulekile Nokwenziwa Kwefektri

Uma imidwebo yokuklama isiqediwe, iphrojekthi ingena esigabeni sokuthengwa kwensimbi kanye nokwakhiwa kwezingxenye. Amalungu ensimbi ayinhloko afana namakholomu nemishayo, kanye nezingxenye zesibili ezifana nama-purlin nama-girts, acutshungulwa efektri yesakhiwo sensimbi yobungcweti. Inqubo yokwakhiwa ifaka phakathi ukusika, ukushisela, ukubhoboza, ukuhlanza indawo (ukususa ukugqwala), kanye nokupenda noma ukumboza. Ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi okuqinile kulesi sigaba kubalulekile, njengoba kuthinta ngqo ukunemba kokufakwa kanye nokuphepha kwesakhiwo sonke.

Uma kuqhathaniswa, izakhiwo zekhonkrithi zendabuko ezifakwe endaweni zidinga ukufakwa kwefomu endaweni, ukubopha i-rebar, ukuthululwa kwekhonkrithi, kanye nokulungiswa. Lezi zinqubo zithonywa kakhulu yisimo sezulu kanye nezimo zesiza, okwenza kube nzima ukulawula amashejuli okwakha. Izakhiwo zensimbi, ngakolunye uhlangothi, zithembele ekwakhiweni kwangaphambili okusekelwe efektri, okushintshela iningi lomsebenzi endaweni elawulwayo. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ikhwalithi ehambisanayo futhi kunciphisa kakhulu isikhathi sokwakha endaweni, okubeka isisekelo sokulethwa kwephrojekthi okusheshayo.

3. Ukwakhiwa Kwesisekelo

Ngesikhathi izingxenye zensimbi zenziwa efektri, ukwakhiwa kwesisekelo kwenziwa ngesikhathi esisodwa endaweni. Ukwakhiwa kweshabhu yensimbi ngokuvamile zisebenzisa isisekelo esiqinisiwe esihlukanisiwe noma izisekelo zemicu. Umklamo wesisekelo usekelwe emibikweni yocwaningo lwe-geotechnical kanye nokubalwa komthwalo wesakhiwo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amandla avela esakhiweni esingaphezulu adluliselwa emhlabathini ngokuphephile nangendlela efanele.

Ukunemba kokwakhiwa kulesi sigaba kubalulekile, ikakhulukazi indawo eqondile yama-bolts e-anchor noma amapuleti ensimbi afakiwe. Noma yikuphi ukuphambuka kungathinta ngqo ukusebenza kahle kokufakwa kanye nokuqondaniswa kwesakhiwo sensimbi ezigabeni zakamuva, okwenza ukunemba kwesisekelo kube yinto ebalulekile empumelelweni iyonke yephrojekthi.