Iingcamango zoYilo lweSakhiwo seNsimbi Izakhiwo zeShishini

Phakathi kotshintsho olubanzi lweshishini lokwakha oluya kuphuhliso oluluhlaza noluphucukileyo ngakumbi kwezoshishino, izakhiwo zentsimbi ezilungisiweyo—ezisebenza njengezixhobo zokwakha eziphambili zezityalo zoshishino, izakhiwo zorhwebo, kunye nezinye izakhiwo ezifanayo—zifumana imfuno yemarike ekhula ngokukhawuleza.

Ukufaneleka kokusebenza ngumgaqo ophambili kuyilo lwe izakhiwo zobunjineliUyilo kufuneka luhambelane ngokusondeleyo neenkqubo zemveliso zeshishini kunye neendlela zokusebenza ukuqinisekisa ukuba indawo yokwakha ihambelana ngokupheleleyo neemfuno zokusebenza.

Kwelinye icala, uyilo lwendawo yefektri kufuneka lucwangciswe ngokuchanekileyo ngokusekelwe kubukhulu bomgca wemveliso, iimfuno zokufakela izixhobo, kunye neendlela zokuphatha izinto. Oku kuquka ukumisela ubude besakhiwo obufanelekileyo, isithuba seentsika, ukuphakama kwebali, kunye namandla okuthwala i-crane girder. Umzekelo, izityalo zokwenza oomatshini abanzima zihlala zifuna ububanzi obukhulu (ngesiqhelo ziimitha ezingama-24–36), ukuphakama okuphezulu okucacileyo (iimitha ezi-8–12), kunye neenkqubo ze-crane ezinomthamo wokuphakamisa we-30–50 yeetoni. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, izityalo zokudibanisa ze-elektroniki ezilula zinokuthatha isithuba esincinci seentsika, ziphucule ukusetyenziswa kwendawo, kwaye zongeze imigangatho ye-mezzanine kwiiofisi okanye indawo yokugcina iishedi zesinyithi.

Kwelinye icala, kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo iimfuno ezikhethekileyo zeenkqubo ezahlukeneyo zemveliso. Izityalo zeekhemikhali zifuna ukhuseleko oluphuculweyo lokugqwala, ezifana neengubo ze-fluorocarbon okanye izinto zentsimbi ezigayiweyo. ulwakhiwo lweworkshop yentsimbi kufuneka kubekho izibane zomoya kunye neengqimba zobushushu ukuze kuthintelwe amalungu entsimbi ukuba angaguquguquki ngenxa yokutshintsha kobushushu. Okwangoku, ii-workshops ezicocekileyo zifuna ulawulo oluqinileyo malunga nokutywinwa kwamalungu esakhiwo sentsimbi ukuze kuncitshiswe ukuqokelelana kothuli nokuqinisekisa ukuba imeko yemveliso iyahlangabezana nemigangatho yococeko.

Uyilo lokhuseleko lwe isakhiwo sentsimbi seworkshop esilungisiweyo kufuneka ijongane ngokupheleleyo neenkalo ezintathu eziphambili—ukhuseleko lokuthwala imithwalo, ukhuseleko lomlilo, kunye nokhuseleko lokushukuma komhlaba—ukuqinisekisa uzinzo lwesakhiwo kulo lonke ixesha lobomi besakhiwo.

Ngokuphathelele ukhuseleko lokuthwala umthwalo, kufuneka ubalo oluchanekileyo lwesakhiwo ukuze kukhethwe amanqanaba entsimbi afanelekileyo kwaye kuphuculwe iinkcukacha zoqhagamshelo. Umzekelo, uqhagamshelo oluqinileyo ludla ngokusetyenziswa kwiindawo zokudibanisa iibham-ikholamu ukuqinisekisa ukudluliselwa kwamandla okusebenzayo. Iibholiti ezingagugiyo zongezwa kuqhagamshelo oluphakathi kwe-crane girders kunye neekholamu zentsimbi ukuthintela ukukhululeka okubangelwa kukungcangcazela okubangelwa ngumthwalo.

Ukhuseleko lomlilo ngomnye wemingeni ephambili yezakhiwo zentsimbi kwaye kufuneka kujongwane nawo ngokudibanisa ukhuseleko lomlilo olungasebenziyo kwaye ukhuseleko lomlilo olusebenzayo. Ukuze kukhuselwe ngokungasebenziyo, kufakwa izinto zokugquma ezingatshiyo kwiindawo zentsimbi—izinto zokugquma ezibhityileyo zifanelekile kwiindawo ezinamaqondo obushushu afikelela kwi-500 °C, ngelixa izinto zokugquma ezixineneyo zisetyenziswa kwiindawo ezinomngcipheko ophezulu womlilo. Ngaphandle koko, iibhodi ezingatshiyo zingasetyenziselwa ukuvala amalungu entsimbi, ukuqinisekisa ukuba isakhiwo sigcina amandla aso okuthwala umthwalo ubuncinane iiyure ezili-1.5 ngexesha lomlilo. Ukuze kukhuselwe ngokusebenzayo, iinkqubo zokutshiza ezizenzekelayo kunye nezixhobo zesilumkiso somlilo kufuneka zifakwe ngokufanelekileyo ukuze kuncitshiswe ixesha lokuphendula komlilo kwaye kulawulwe ukusasazeka komlilo ngokufanelekileyo.

Ukhuseleko lwenyikima kufuneka luyilwe ngokuhambelana nobunzulu benyikima yendawo yesakhiwo. Oku kubandakanya ukuphucula ukusasazwa kokuqina kwesakhiwo kunye nokusebenzisa imigaqo yoyilo 'lweentsika eziqinileyo, imiqadi ebuthathaka' kunye 'neendawo eziqinileyo, amalungu abuthathaka.' Ukongeza, izixhobo zokusasaza amandla okanye zokudambisa zinokufakwa kwiziseko zeekholamu ukunciphisa ukudluliselwa kwamandla enyikima kunye nokuphucula ukumelana kwesakhiwo ngokubanzi.