Ka'idojin Tsarin Karfe Gine-ginen Masana'antu

A tsakanin babban sauyi da masana'antar gine-gine ke yi zuwa ga ci gaba mai kyau da kuma ci gaba mai dorewa, gine-ginen ƙarfe da aka riga aka gina— waɗanda ke aiki a matsayin manyan kayan gini ga masana'antun masana'antu, gine-ginen kasuwanci, da makamantansu — suna fuskantar ƙaruwar buƙatar kasuwa akai-akai.

Dacewar aiki shine babban ƙa'ida a cikin ƙirar gine-ginen da aka ƙeraDole ne ƙirar ta kasance daidai da tsarin samarwa da ayyukan kamfanin don tabbatar da cewa sararin ginin ya dace da buƙatun aiki.

A gefe guda, ya kamata a tsara tsarin sararin masana'antar daidai bisa ga girman layin samarwa, buƙatun shigar da kayan aiki, da hanyoyin sarrafa kayan aiki. Wannan ya haɗa da tantance tsawon gini mai dacewa, tazarar ginshiƙai, tsayin bene, da ƙarfin ɗaukar nauyin girder crane. Misali, masana'antun kera injuna masu nauyi galibi suna buƙatar manyan tazara (yawanci mita 24-36), tsayi mai tsabta (mita 8-12), da tsarin girne masu ƙarfin ɗagawa na tan 30-50. Sabanin haka, masana'antun haɗa kayan lantarki masu sauƙi na iya ɗaukar ƙaramin tazarar ginshiƙai, inganta amfani da sarari, da ƙara benaye na mezzanine don ofisoshi ko ofisoshi. ajiyar rumfunan ƙarfe.

A gefe guda kuma, dole ne a yi la'akari da buƙatun musamman na hanyoyin samarwa daban-daban. Masana'antun sinadarai suna buƙatar ƙarin kariyar tsatsa, kamar su rufin fluorocarbon ko abubuwan ƙarfe masu galvanized. Zafin jiki mai yawa ginin bitar ƙarfe Ana buƙatar fitilun iska da kuma yadudduka masu kariya daga zafi don hana sassan ƙarfe lalacewa saboda bambancin zafin jiki. A halin yanzu, wuraren aiki masu tsafta suna buƙatar kulawa mai ƙarfi kan rufe gidajen haɗin ƙarfe don rage tarin ƙura da kuma tabbatar da cewa yanayin samarwa ya cika ƙa'idodin tsafta.

Tsarin tsaro na tsarin bitar ƙarfe na prefab dole ne a yi cikakken bayani game da manyan fannoni guda uku—amincin ɗaukar kaya, tsaron wuta, da kuma tsaron girgizar ƙasa—don tabbatar da daidaiton tsarin a duk tsawon rayuwar ginin.

Dangane da amincin ɗaukar kaya, ana buƙatar ƙididdigar tsari mai kyau don zaɓar matakan ƙarfe masu dacewa da kuma inganta cikakkun bayanai game da haɗin gwiwa. Misali, ana amfani da haɗin gwiwa masu tauri a gidajen haɗin katako-gilashi don tabbatar da ingantaccen canja wurin ƙarfi. Ana ƙara ƙusoshin da ba su da ƙarfi ga haɗin gwiwa tsakanin girders na crane da ginshiƙan ƙarfe don hana sassautawa sakamakon girgizar da kaya ke haifarwa.

Tsaron gobara yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan ƙalubalen gine-ginen ƙarfe kuma ya kamata a magance shi ta hanyar haɗakar Kariyar wuta mai guba kuma kariyar wuta mai aikiDon kariya daga gobara, ana shafa fenti mai jure wuta ga sassan ƙarfe—rufin siriri ya dace da wuraren da zafin jiki ya kai 500 °C, yayin da ake amfani da kauri mai kauri a yankunan da gobara ke da haɗari. A madadin haka, ana iya amfani da allon da ke jure wuta don ɗaure sassan ƙarfe, don tabbatar da cewa tsarin yana riƙe da ƙarfin ɗaukar kaya na akalla awanni 1.5 yayin gobara. Don kariya mai aiki, ya kamata a shigar da tsarin fesawa ta atomatik da na'urorin ƙararrawa na wuta yadda ya kamata don rage lokacin amsawar wuta da kuma sarrafa yaɗuwar gobara yadda ya kamata.

Dole ne a tsara tsaron girgizar ƙasa daidai da ƙarfin girgizar ƙasa na wurin ginin. Wannan ya haɗa da inganta rarraba ƙarfin ginin da kuma amfani da ƙa'idodin ƙira na 'ginshiƙai masu ƙarfi, katako masu rauni' da 'haɗin gwiwa masu ƙarfi, membobi masu rauni.' Bugu da ƙari, ana iya shigar da na'urorin wargaza makamashi ko rage damshi a sansanonin ginshiƙai don rage watsa makamashin girgizar ƙasa da kuma haɓaka juriyar girgizar ƙasa gaba ɗaya na ginin.