Composition And Structural Analysis Of Steel Structure Workshops
(I) Basic Components
The core load-bearing system of a metal workshop buildings mainly consists of five key modules. These components work together to effectively ensure overall structural stability:
- Primary Load-Bearing Components
Steel Columns: Typically made of H-shaped or C-shaped sections, mainly responsible for carrying vertical loads.
Steel Beams: Primarily H-shaped steel members that transfer horizontal loads.
Steel Roof Trusses: Specially designed to support various roof loads.
Steel Roof System: Serves both enclosure and load-bearing functions.
- Bracing System
Column Bracing: Flexible bracing typically uses round steel bars, while rigid bracing is usually made of angle steel.
Roof Bracing: Common configurations include V-shaped and K-shaped bracing systems.
Together, these elements form a closed structural steel wokshop force system that efficiently transfers horizontal loads.
- Enclosure System
Roofing and Wall Panels: HV197TD788 profiled steel sheets are preferred, featuring integrated waterproof cavity designs.
Daylighting System: CV475 skylight panels are precisely matched to the roof panel profile.
Ventilation Facilities: Ridge ventilators enable natural ventilation.
- Secondary Components
Purlins: C/Z-section steel members that play a key role in load transfer.
Girts: Primary supporting components for wall systems.
Crane Beams: For heavy-load operations, braking trusses are required.
Tie Rods: Compression-resistant round steel pipes that work in coordination with bracing systems.
Corner Braces: Effectively control out-of-plane deformation of flanges.
- Foundation Connections
Embedded Parts: Key anchoring components within the concrete foundation.
Column Base Connections: Hinged bases transfer vertical forces only, while rigid bases can also transfer bending moments.
(II) Structural Systems
Based on functional requirements and span demands, three typical steel workshop are commonly adopted:
- Portal Frame System
The main stream structural form for single-story steel workshop building
Rigid connections between columns and beams form a “portal” frame
Typically configured in three standard variations:
Basic Type: Without overhead crane
Crane Type: Equipped with a crane beam system
Partial Two-Story Type: Additional floors introduced in selected areas
- Multi-Story Frame System
Suitable for high-rise buildings or large-span requirements
Mainly categorized into three types:
Fully Rigid Frame: Rigid connections in both longitudinal and transverse directions
Rigid–Braced Hybrid System: Transverse rigid frames combined with longitudinal bracing
Fully Braced Frame: Pinned connections combined with a bracing system prefab workshop steel structure
Column sections can be selected from H-shaped, box-shaped, and other profiles
- Special and Derived Structural Forms
Gable-End Portal Frames: Special designs achieved by rotating the column section by 90 degrees
Steel Truss Structures: Axial force members capable of spanning over 100 meters
Space Frame / Lattice Shell